PHP图形(验证码)识别

因为一个项目的需要，需要验证码的识别，以前并没有接触过，后来研究了一下，做了个简单的PHP脚本(文章中的仅是做了简单整理,不是很严谨)，基本上满足了现在的需要，来分享一下，适合于基础选手。

验证码是这样的没有背景色，并且只有在深色的背景下才能看清，一共只有4个数字。

看了部分资料知道了思路，就很好办了。

1、图形按坐标转换为0,1

2、去除干扰(这个图片里没有)

3、切割

4、对比(主要是字典强大,用到的主要函数就是similar_text)

有了这四步就可以开工了。

public $keyvalues;
public $hexarray = array();
public $pwidth;
public function __construct(){
    for($i=0;$i<256;$i++){
        $this->hexarray[$i] = dechex($i);
    }
    $this->keyvalues = array(
        array(0,'001110001100100100001010000101000010100001010000101100100011100'),
        array(0,'111000010010000000100000010000001000000100000010010010001110000'),
        array(0,'011100011001001000010100001010000101000010100001011001000111000'),
        array(0,'111000100100000010000010000010000010000010100100111000'),
        array(1,'000010000011000010100000010000001000000100000010000001000000100'),
        array(1,'000001000011000101000001000001000001000001000001000001'),
        array(1,'100000100000110000101000000110000011000001100000110000010000001'),
        array(1,'001000001100001010001001000100100010010001001000100100010010000'),
        array(2,'011110000001100000010000001000001000011000011000001000001111110'),
        array(2,'011110000000110000000100000001000000100000110000011000000100000011111100'),
        array(2,'011110000011000001000001000010001100011000010000111111'),
        array(2,'001111000011001100110000100000000100000001100000001000000010000000100000001000000011000000111111100'),
        array(3,'011100010001000000100001100000011000000100000010010010000111000'),
        array(3,'001110001000100000010000110000001100000010000001001001000011100'),
        array(3,'000111000100010000001000011000000110000001000000100100100001110'),
        array(3,'111000000100000100011000001100000100000100001000111000'),
        array(3,'011100001000100100001001001100010001100100001001000010011001000101110000'),
        array(4,'000010000011000010100001010001001001000100111111000001000000100'),
        array(4,'000010000110001010001010010010100010111111000010000010'),
        array(5,'011111001000000100000111110010001100000010000001011001100111100'),
        array(5,'000111100010000001000001111100100010000000000000000110010001111'),
        array(5,'011111010000010000111110100011000001000001110011011110'),
        array(6,'000001100010000100000100000011111101000001100001001001000010000'),
        array(6,'000111000100110100000010111001100110100001010000101100100011110'),
        array(6,'011100010011000000000011100010011000000100000010010010001111000'),
        array(6,'0001110000110010011000110100000001011100011000110100000101000001010000010010001000011100'),
        array(7,'111111100000010000010000010000010000001000001000001000001000000'),
        array(7,'011111100000100000010000010000001000000100000100000010000001000'),
        array(7,'111111000010000010000100000100000100001000001000001000'),
        array(8,'011110010000101000010011110011001101000010100001011001100111100'),
        array(9,'001110001100100100001010000101100110011101000000101000100011100'),
        array(9,'0111100011000100100001101000001010000010110001100111101000000010100001101100110001111000'),
        array(9,'001111000011000100010000110010000010010000010011000110001111010000000010010000110011001100001111000'),
    );
}

//获取图片
public function getImage($url){
    if(!$url)return false;
    $dot = explode(".",$url);
    if($dot[count($dot)-1]=="gif"){
        $img = imagecreatefromgif($url);
    }
    else if($dot[count($dot)-1]=="png"){
        $img = imagecreatefrompng($url);
    }
    else if($dot[count($dot)-1]=="jpg"){
        $img = imagecreatefromjpeg($url);
    }else{
        $img  = false;
    }
    return $img;
}

//转为01
public function imgTobin($image){
    $data = array();
    for($y = 0; $y < imagesy($image); $y++)
    {
        for($x = 0; $x < imagesx($image); $x++)
        {
            $colors_reg = imagecolorsforindex($image, imagecolorat($image, $x, $y));
            if( $this->hexarray[ $colors_reg['red'] ].$this->hexarray[ $colors_reg['green'] ].$this->hexarray[ $colors_reg['blue'] ]=='abacad'){
                $data[$y][$x]=0;
            }else{
                if($this->hexarray[ $colors_reg['red'] ].$this->hexarray[ $colors_reg['green'] ].$this->hexarray[ $colors_reg['blue'] ]>"969696"){
                    $data[$y][$x]=1;
                }else{
                    $data[$y][$x]=0;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return $data;
}

//获取区域
public function getArea($data){
    foreach($data as  $lkey => $line){
        foreach($line as $fkey => $filed){
            if($line[$fkey-1]!=$line[$fkey]){
                $sprx[] = "$fkey";
                $spry[] = "$lkey";
            }
        }
    }

    sort($sprx);
    sort($spry);
    $sqare['min']['x'] = $sprx[0];
    $sqare['min']['y'] = $spry[0];
    $sqare['max']['x'] = $sprx[count($sprx)-1];
    $sqare['max']['y'] = $spry[count($spry)-1];
    $this->pwidth = ($sqare['max']['x']-$sqare['min']['x'])/4;
    $xx = 0;
    $yy = 0;
    foreach($data as  $lkey => $line){
        foreach($line as $fkey => $filed){
            if($fkey>=$sqare['min']['x']&amp;&amp;$lkey>=$sqare['min']['y']&amp;&amp;$fkey<=$sqare['max']['x']&amp;&amp;$lkey<=$sqare['max']['y']){
                $ndata[$yy][$xx]=$line[$fkey];
                $xx++;
            }
        }

        if($lkey>=$sqare['min']['y']&amp;&amp;$lkey<=$sqare['max']['y']){
            $yy++;
        }

    }
    return $ndata;
}

//切割
public function pExplode($ndata){
    for($i=0;$i<4;$i++){
        $x = 0;
        foreach($ndata as  $lkey => $line){
            foreach($line as $fkey => $filed){
                if($x>=$this->pwidth*$i&amp;&amp;$x<$this->pwidth*($i+1)){
                    $word[$i].= $line[$fkey];
                }
                $x++;
            }
            $x = 0;
        }
    }
    return $word;
}

//对比
public function getNum($word){
    $i = 0;
    foreach($word as $numString)
    {
        $num = 0;
        foreach($this->keyvalues as $value)
        {
            $percent=0.0;
            similar_text($value[1], $numString,$percent);
            $n[$i]['percent'] = intval($percent);
            $n[$i]['key'] = $value[0];
            $i++;
        }
        $percent = 0;
        foreach($n as $v){
            if($v['percent']>$percent){
                $percent = $v['percent'];
                $num = $v['key'];
            }
        }
        unset($n);
        $result.=$num;
    }
    return  $result;
}
}

$code = new code();
$img = $code->getImage("1.gif");
if($img){
$bin = $code->imgTobin($img);
foreach($bin as  $lkey => $line){
    foreach($line as $fkey => $filed){
        echo $line[$fkey]==1?$line[$fkey]:"0";
    }
    echo "\n";
}
echo "\n";
if($bin){
    $are = $code->getArea($bin);
    if($are){
        foreach($are as  $lkey => $line){
            foreach($line as $fkey => $filed){
                echo $line[$fkey]==1?$line[$fkey]:"0";
            }
            echo "\n";
        }
        echo "\n";
        foreach($are as  $lkey => $line){
            foreach($line as $fkey => $filed){
                echo $line[$fkey]==1?$line[$fkey]:" ";
            }
            echo "\n";
        }
        echo "\n";
        $exp = $code->pExplode($are);
        if($exp){
            $num = $code->getNum($exp);
            echo $num;
        }else{
            echo "Explode area error!";
        }
    }else{
        echo "get area error!" ;
    }
}else{
    echo "get bin error!" ;
}
}else{
    echo "img type error!" ;
}

最后的效果

这个脚本只是为了满足我的这个验证码写的，如果需要验证其他的，还需要在图形01转换，和切割上做点文章，经过几天的字典填充，现在识别率还不错。